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    Phase transitions of nanoemulsions using ultrasound: Experimental observations

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    28Nanoemul(ULTSON).pdf (532.1Kb)
    Date
    2012
    Author
    Singh, Ram
    Husseini, Ghaleb
    Pitt, William G.
    Advisor(s)
    Unknown advisor
    Type
    Peer-Reviewed
    Article
    Published version
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    Abstract
    The ultrasound-induced transformation of perfluorocarbon liquids to gases is of interest in the area of drug and gene delivery. In this study, three independent parameters (temperature, size, and perfluorocarbon species) were selected to investigate the effects of 476-kHz and 20-kHz ultrasound on nanoemulsion phase transition. Two levels of each factor (low and high) were considered at each frequency. The acoustic intensities at gas bubble formation and at the onset of inertial cavitation were recorded and subsequently correlated with the acoustic parameters. Experimental data showed that low frequencies are more effective in forming and collapsing a bubble. Additionally, as the size of the emulsion droplet increased, the intensity required for bubble formation decreased. As expected, perfluorohexane emulsions require greater intensity to form cavitating bubbles than perfluoropentane emulsions.
    DSpace URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11073/21294
    External URI
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2012.02.005
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