Palm tree leaves usage for biosorption and recovery of heavy metals from wastewater

Abstract

Biosorption can be a sustainable water treatment option. However, selection of biosorbent can be challenging and local availability plays an important role. This research investigates the effectiveness of palm tree leaves for biosorption of Cr(VI), Cu(II) and Zn(II), from synthetic wastewater. Batch tests were conducted to assess the effectiveness of metal removal; to identify optimal operating conditions and assess the competition among the metals. Column tests were conducted to assess the applicability of the biosorption process in a dynamic environment. Desorption tests were conducted to assess the recovery of the metals. Batch experimental results indicated high (67.5%–99.5%) removal of individual metals and all the metals together for different initial concentrations (2–10 mg/L) and pH levels (3–9). Isotherm models were applied successfully. The results from column experiments indicated high (≥90%) capability of metal removal for long period (200–2,800 pore volumes processed). Desorption results indicated a high (≥50%) recovery of the metals.