Description
A Master of Science thesis in Electrical Engineering by Ghady Khalil Zaher entitled, “Operation of Battery Exchange Station for Electric Vehicles”, submitted in May 2019. Thesis advisor is Dr. Mostafa Shaaban. Soft and hard copy available.
Abstract
Due to environmental and energy security concerns, low emission vehicles present a vital necessity for clean transportation. In particular, Electric Vehicles (EV) are the most promising solution due to the fact that the electrical power system is the most ready infrastructure to supply their requirement. Two possible energy delivery solutions to the EVs, namely the charging stations and the Battery Exchange Stations (BES), are taking the interest of the research nowadays. In this research, a new operation approach is proposed for the BESs. The proposed approach models and optimizes the performance of the charging, discharging and the replacement of the batteries throughout the day taking into consideration the customers arrivals to the BES. The main targets of this approach are to satisfy the EV owners charging requests and to minimize the operating costs. In addition, the batteries in possession of the BES are used to secure more profit to the investor by performing energy arbitrage and supplying ancillary services to the grid. This thesis is targeting the EV manufacturers and EV charging service providers who are directly affecting the development of the EV market. The BES operation optimization problem is formulated as mixed-integer nonlinear programming and is solved as a day-ahead operational problem. The behaviour of charging/discharging power, the state of charge and the stored and replaced energy for all batteries in the station is observed for different case studies. The effect of different aspects such as the grid power limitation, solar photovoltaic system addition and battery self-degradation on the operation of the BES is designed and discussed. Also, a comparison between the charging station operation and the BES is conducted and the results show the benefits of implementing the concept of BES on the EV market. The results prove the effectiveness of the proposed approach in satisfying the EV owners and maximizing the BES investor profit.